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Compare Saint Helena (2001) - Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2006)

Compare Saint Helena (2001) z Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2006)

 Saint Helena (2001)Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2006)
 Saint HelenaAshmore and Cartier Islands
Administrative divisions 1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha* -
Age structure 0-14 years:
19.08% (male 699; female 687)

15-64 years:
71.72% (male 2,711; female 2,500)

65 years and over:
9.2% (male 286; female 383) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, crawfish (on Tristan da Cunha) -
Airports 1 (2000 est.) -
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

over 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
410 sq km

land:
410 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes St. Helena Island, Ascension, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha, which consists of Tristan da Cunha Island, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, and the three Nightingale Islands		 total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island
Area - comparative slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, St. Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Ascension Island is the site of a US Air Force auxiliary airfield; Gough Island has a meteorological station. These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve.
Birth rate 13.49 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$11.2 million

expenditures:
$11 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY92)		 -
Capital Jamestown -
Climate Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild, tempered by trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine, mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena) tropical
Coastline 60 km 74.1 km
Constitution 1 January 1989 -
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Saint Helena		 conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands


conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Currency Saint Helenian pound (SHP) -
Death rate 6.33 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $NA -
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international none Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia has closed the surrounding waters to Indonesian traditional fishing and created a national park in the region while continuing to prospect for hydrocarbons in the vicinity
Economic aid - recipient $12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997) -
Economy - overview The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, the raising of livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK. no economic activity
Electricity - consumption 5.6 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 6 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m		 lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 3 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Ethnic groups African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25% -
Exchange rates Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.6764 (January 2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6047 (1997), 0.6403 (1996); note - the Saint Helenian pound is at par with the British pound -
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)

head of government:
Governor and Commander in Chief David HOLLAMBY (since NA June 1999)

cabinet:
Executive Council consists of the governor, two ex officio officers, and six elected members of the Legislative Council

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch		 -
Exports $704,000 (f.o.b., 1995) -
Exports - commodities fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts -
Exports - partners South Africa, UK -
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March -
Flag description blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship the flag of Australia is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $18 million (1998 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $2,500 (1998 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate NA% -
Geographic coordinates 15 56 S, 5 42 W 12 14 S, 123 05 E
Geography - note harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983
Highways total:
158 km (Saint Helena 118 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km)

paved:
138 km (Saint Helena 98km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km)

unpaved:
NA km 20 km (Saint Helena 20 km, Ascension 0 km, Tristan da Cunha 0 km)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Imports $14.434 million (c.i.f., 1995) -
Imports - commodities food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts -
Imports - partners UK, South Africa -
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing -
Infant mortality rate 22.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.2% (1997 est.) -
International organization participation ICFTU -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 0 sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court; Small Debts Court; Juvenile Court -
Labor force 3,500 (1998 est.)

note:
1,200 of whom are working offshore		 -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture and fishing 6%, industry (mainly construction) 48%, services 46% (1987 est.) -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land:
6%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
6%

forests and woodland:
6%

other:
82% (1993 est.)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2005)
Languages English -
Legal system NA the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (15 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 9 July 1997 (next to be held NA August 2001)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 15		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
77.01 years

male:
74.13 years

female:
80.04 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
age 20 and over can read and write

total population:
97%

male:
97%

female:
98% (1987 est.)		 -
Location islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about mid-way between South America and Africa Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island
Map references Africa Southeast Asia
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM		 territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 12 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force
National holiday Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926) -
Nationality noun:
Saint Helenian(s)

adjective:
Saint Helenian		 -
Natural hazards active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards
Natural resources fish fish
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
People - note - the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem
Political parties and leaders none -
Political pressure groups and leaders none -
Population 7,266 (July 2001 est.) no indigenous inhabitants


note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 0.72% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors Georgetown (on Ascension), Jamestown -
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) -
Radios 3,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic -
Sex ratio at birth:
1.04 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.08 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.75 male(s)/female

total population:
1.04 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage NA years of age -
Telephone system general assessment:
can communicate with any place in the world

domestic:
automatic network

international:
HF radiotelephone from Saint Helena to Ascension which is a major coaxial submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK ; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 2,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (1997) -
Television broadcast stations 0 (1997) -
Terrain Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains

note:
the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin		 low with sand and coral
Total fertility rate 1.53 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Unemployment rate 14% (1998 est.) -
Waterways none -
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